Vitamin D 4,000 IU Tablets, Maximum Strength Vitamin D3 Supplement, 365 Easy to Swallow Tablets - Full Year Supply

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There has been huge, renewed interest in vitamin D recently, with new global research showing that the health benefits of this nutrient stretch beyond bone health. There is increasing evidence for the beneficial effects from dietary vitamin D which has shown benefits for its contribution to: Subramanian, A., Korsiak, J., Murphy, K.E., Al Mahmud, A., Roth, D.E. and Gernand, A.D. (2021). Effect of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy on mid-to-late gestational blood pressure in a randomized controlled trial in Bangladesh. Journal of Hypertension. As noted in paragraph 44, wild mushrooms are a natural source of vitamin D2. However, UV-treated cultivated mushrooms can also contain high levels of vitamin D2. A search within the recipes database of the NDNS (Bates et al., 2014, 2016; Roberts et al., 2018) was conducted to retrieve mushrooms and recipes containing mushrooms which had been recorded in the survey. Don't overdo it as vitamin D can build up in the body - 100mcg (4000IU) is the maximum safe daily dose for adults.

Moslemi, L., Moghadamnia, A.A., Aghamaleki, M.A., Pornasrollah, M., Ashrafianamiri, H., Nooreddini, H.G., Kazemi, S., Pouramir, M. and Bijani, A. (2018). Stoss therapy using fortified biscuit for vitamin D-deficient children: a novel treatment. Pediatric research, 84(5), pp.662-667. Government health advice to reduce sun exposure which can mean less Vitamin D is produced naturally by the body. For most people, vitamin D3 formation by exposure to UVB radiation is the main source of vitamin D. There are many factors affecting vitamin D formation such as season, time of day, amount of skin exposed, skin pigmentation and use of SPF sunscreen and this is reflected in the NHS Consensus Vitamin D position that states “there is still a lot of uncertainty around…how much sunlight different people need to achieve a given level of vitamin D” (NHS, 2010). However, Rhodes et al., 2010, reported that white-skinned adults exposed to UV radiation at a dose equating to 15 minutes, 6 times a week during winter had mean 25(OH)D levels of 70 nmol/L. Additionally, a longitudinal study (Webb et al., 2011) reported that white-skinned adults had vitamin D levels of 71 nmol/L in September and 45.8 nmol/L in February, when spending mean daily time of 9 minutes/day outdoors on weekdays and 18 minutes/day on weekends (SACN, 2016). In another longitudinal study (Kift et al., 2013), white adults had median serum 25(OH)D levels of 65.4 nmol/L in summer and 47.2 nmol/L in winter. Whereas adults of south Asian ethnicity had median serum 25(OH)D levels of 22.5 nmol/L in summer and 14.5 nmol/L in winter (SACN, 2016). Additionally, the most recent NDNS survey reported mean and 97.5th percentile serum 25(OH)D levels of 48.4 and 98.9 nmol/L respectively amongst females aged 19-64 years (Bates et al., 2020). Due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic there has been increased interest in vitamin D due to studies reporting associations between vitamin D deficiency and COVID-19 risk (Meltzer et al., 2020), and lower 25(OH)D levels and hospitalisation of COVID-19 patients (Hernández, 2021 ). These publicised research results may increase the consumption of vitamin D supplements by the population to levels higher than normal. It has been reported that vitamin D usage increased by 8% between October 2019 to 0ctober 2020. There has also “been a 20% increase in new product launches containing vitamin D from January to August 2020 compared to the whole of 2019” (Nutra Ingredients, 2020). The current recommendation from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and the NHS is to “not offer a vitamin D supplement to people solely to prevent COVID-19, except as part of a clinical trial” and that “people should be encouraged to follow the existing UK government advice on vitamin D supplementation” (NICE, 2021; NHS, 2021). However, it was agreed that “the recommendations in this guideline on vitamin D supplements and COVID-19 prevention should be considered for an update as additional evidence becomes available” (NICE, 2021).Vomiting, nausea, constipation, and diarrhoea were reported as signs and symptoms of vitamin D overdosing in Danish infants who consumed a liquid vitamin D supplement that contained 150 µg (6,000 IU) of vitamin D3 per drop instead of the indicated level of 2 µg (80 IU) per drop (Stafford, 2016). The recommended daily dose of this product was 5 drops therefore infants that consumed this supplement received 750 µg/day (30,000 IU) (Tetens et al., 2018) and exceeded the Danish Health and Safety Executive’s recommended daily supplement intake of 8.5-10 µg (340-400 IU) for vitamin D for babies who do not consume 500 ml of infant formula per day (Mayor, 2016). A. and Çağlar, H.T. (2021). Vitamin D intoxication due to misuse: 5-year experience. Archives de Pédiatrie, 28(3), pp.222-225. WeightWorld’s High Potency 4,000 IU Vitamin D3 tablets are a potent source of bioavailable Cholecalciferol for enhanced absorption & optimal dosage. This helps you to make the most of Vitamin D which has a role in the process of cell division and also aspires to help: Excessive vitamin D intake during pregnancy can also result in risk of fetal hypercalcemia (Larquè et al., 2018), and hypercalcemia during pregnancy may be associated with increased risk of fetal and neonatal morbidity (Sato, 2008); the assertion in Sato, 2008 appears to be based on case reports, but limited details are provided . Additionally, neonatal hypercalcemia has been evident in neonates born to mothers with an excess maternal vitamin D intake. In a case reported by Reynolds et al. (2017), a female baby was diagnosed with hypercalcemia with a 25(OH)D level of 73 nmol/L, which was at the upper end of the reference range (50-75 nmol/L). The baby also had a total serum calcium level of 3.09 mmol/L, which was outside the reference range of 1.9-2.6 mmol/L. While the mother, after taking two supplements resulting in a total daily vitamin D3 intake of 4000 IU, was reported to have elevated 25(OH)D levels of 127 nmol/L, which was slightly outside the reference range (> 125 nmol/L). The mother also had a total serum calcium level of 2.38 mmol/L which was within the reference range of 2.1-2.66 nmol/L . Ultimately it is important to highlight that there is some uncertainty with the estimated intakes discussed above. The NDNS excludes data for pregnant and lactating women, so women of child-bearing age (i.e. 16-49 years) have been used as a proxy for these consumer groups and there is little information on how their diets might differ. Conclusions

Kift R, Berry JL, Vail A, Durkin MT, Rhodes LE & Webb AR. (2013). Lifestyle factors including less cutaneous sun exposure contribute to starkly lower vitamin D levels in U.K. South Asians compared with the white population. Br J Dermatol 169, 1272-1278.

While some of the health claims around vitamin D might have been exaggerated, the buzz around this nutrient isn't without reason. Experts agree it's the one vitamin we should all be taking in the UK, especially during the winter months. Mean and 97.5th percentile estimates are based on 48 vitamin D containing supplements. Estimated total vitamin D exposure from food sources (excluding supplements) In a prospective cohort study carried out with pregnant women in the North of Scotland where sunlight exposure is low (latitude 57°N), it was found that in the 21% of participants taking vitamin D supplements, the greatest influence on maternal and cord 25(OH)D levels was the season of birth (P <0·001). Amongst the participants consuming vitamin D supplements, the median intake was 5 µg (Haggarty, 2013). Hollis BW, Wagner CL. (2004). Vitamin D requirements during lactation: high-dose maternal supplementation as therapy to prevent hypovitaminosis D for both the mother and the nursing infant. Am J Clin Nutr. 80(6 Suppl):1752S-8S.